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This paper favors the idea that the private sector should be promoted in order to reduce unemployment and poverty. According to the author, the last two decades have experienced hardly any improvement in the indicators for employment and poverty in the developing countries. Therefore, progress can only be made with an economic policy that creates the conditions required for economic growth centered on the private sector and at the same time seeks to facilitate the participation of insufficiently integrated population groups in techno-organizational learning processes and their functional incorporation in differentiated, specialized and competitive economic sectors.