Culture shock: A guide
Studying at another university, in a different country can be a leap into the unknown, which can be a challenge. This page prepares students and gives them practical tips.
Culture shock1 is a natural reaction to new experiences and part of an ongoing learning and adaptation process. Give yourself the time you need: Familiarising yourself with a new environment with a different culture, different language and unfamiliar people is often not a matter of a few weeks.
Culture shock can usually be overcome. You can make the adjustment process easier by, for example, actively approaching others, making new contacts, getting involved and planning time for yourself (sport, rest, etc.). If things get difficult, remember that support from fellow students, student organisations, your circle of friends or professional advice is always there for you.
Once you have overcome culture shock, you will have proven that you can deal with differences and find your way in unfamiliar situations. You will also be able to get to know Switzerland even better, with all the facets that you may not have been able to recognise at the beginning.
1 Even though the term culture shock is sometimes controversial in academia, we have decided to use the term for reasons of clarity. In our experience, the term has already found its way into colloquial language.
Culture shock arises when we encounter unfamiliar cultural practices and perspectives. It is often in these moments that we truly recognize the extent of our cultural conditioning.
In the beginning, everything can feel unfamiliar – from the language and food to communication styles and daily behaviors. This adjustment is often compounded by the absence of familiar support systems, like family and friends, and by the challenges of navigating a different academic environment. Everyone reacts differently to stress, which is why responses to culture shock vary widely.
- Physical: Allergies, aches, discomfort, sleep disturbances, fatigue, overeating, or loss of appetite
- Emotional and social: Homesickness, idealization of one's home culture, stereotypes about the host country's culture, social withdrawal, self-isolation, rejection of unfamiliar elements
- Psychological: Mood swings, insecurity
- Practical: Trouble navigating daily tasks or solving simple problems
The positive news is that culture shock is a natural stage in the learning and adaptation process. With time, you will adjust to the new environment and likely begin to appreciate the experience of living in a different culture.
Adjusting to a new culture is not about changing who you are or unconditionally accepting everything unfamiliar; it is about understanding and navigating these differences thoughtfully. This approach allows you to stay true to your own identity while embracing the growth that comes from living in a new cultural environment. As a result, you will expand both your personal and academic horizons.
Research
Take time to reflect on your expectations. Before you depart, research Switzerland and learn about the typical aspects of Swiss daily life. Setting realistic expectations and gaining some initial insights can help you feel more prepared and comfortable in your new environment.
Language
Learn simple terms in (Swiss) German such as "Hello" ("Hallo") and "Thank you" ("Danke"). Even a small knowledge of the language shows interest, makes it easier to socialise and navigate through everyday life.
Acceptance of culture shock
It is a normal part of the adjustment process. Remember the tips on this page and that ETH will also support you if necessary. See culture shock as an opportunity to enrich yourself and broaden your horizons. Give yourself time for it.
Social networks
Stay connected with friends and family back home while also building new relationships – whether with locals or fellow exchange students. In Switzerland, you will find clubs, associations, cinemas, gyms, and events that provide great opportunities to meet people with similar interests and spark conversations more easily. Maintaining ties with both existing and new friends can enrich your experience; it is not an either / or choice but rather a chance to expand and deepen your network in meaningful ways.
Incorporate familiar comforts
Maintain some of your favorite routines, like cooking familiar meals or watching a favorite series. These comforting activities provide a sense of routine and stability, helping you feel more grounded in your new environment.
Health and exercise
Stay active, eat a balanced diet, and ensure you are getting enough sleep and rest. ASVZ offers offer a wide range of sports and recreational programmes, which you can take advantage of to stay fit and connect with others. (As an exchange student, You are by default a ASVZ member.) Even simple activities, like going for a walk, boost well-being and support your adjustment. Be mindful of caffeine and alcohol consumption, as excessive intake can intensify stress and other negative emotions.
Document your experience
Keeping a journal can be a valuable way to process culture shock and reflect on your experiences, later becoming a cherished record of your time abroad. If journaling is not your style, consider using a scrapbook, sketchbook, or other creative medium that resonates with you.
Openness over stereotypes
Resist the urge to generalise. Approach the new culture with an open mind, welcoming differences with curiosity and a sense of humor rather than judgment. This openness will enrich your understanding and appreciation of Swiss culture.
Inform yourself
Attend all orientation events, read through all the information provided, and organize it for easy reference later. Additionally, research further details on your own. This proactive approach will help you understand key procedures, connect with important contacts, and discover attractive offers (e.g. sports programmes).
ETH campuses
ETH has two main locations in Zurich: Zentrum and Hönggerberg, both integrated within the city rather than traditional, enclosed campuses. (ETH's location in Basel is smaller but also well-integrated in the city.) ETH buildings are spread throughout Zurich, so students typically live in various parts of the city, engaging regularly with the local community. While you may need to commute to classes, this unique setup offers the chance to experience daily life in Zurich and connect with its residents. This gives you a rich perspective beyond university life.
Welcome differences
Teaching methods, exam formats, and interactions in lectures, with peers, or with university staff may differ from what you are used to. Embrace this as an opportunity to learn from a new academic system.
Communication and interaction
Engage actively with your fellow students and instructors – they will value your input and fresh perspective. If you struggle with a course’s content or pace, take action early: Consider asking classmates for clarification, or reach out to the lecturer or tutor for support. Should you feel a course change is necessary, contact your departmental exchange coordinators for guidance.
Organisation, workload, and examinations
The structure of coursework and exams may differ significantly from what you are used to, with assignments, grading, and exam schedules potentially following a different format or timing than at your home university. To prepare effectively, gather information well in advance and allocate ample time for relaxed, thorough exam preparation. Connecting with fellow students to learn from their personal experiences and organization strategies can be especially helpful.
Punctuality
Punctuality is highly valued in Switzerland, so aim to arrive on time for classes, appointments, and meetings. To avoid delays, plan extra travel time and apologise if you are ever late. Stay aware of academic schedules and deadlines for projects, theses, and assignments to keep on track because late submissions may not be accepted.
Erasmus Student Network (ESN)
ESN is a non-profit student network that organizes cultural and social events, informs, and supports exchange students. ESN Zurich offers a buddy system: You can get a buddy (a local student) who assists you upon arrival, shows you around Zurich, answers your questions and support you in case of trouble.
Nightline
Looking for somebody to talk to? Nightline listens to you. This service is run by student volunteers. You can maintain your anonymity and all content will be treated confidentially.
MeWell community
Students and staff members from Zurich universities form this mental wellbeing community. They organise events, provide helpful information and more.
Counselling & Coaching Centre
Motivational issues, dealing with stress and tight deadlines and more – ETH's Counselling & Coaching Centre is there to support you. The conversations are confidential and free of charge.
Psychological Counseling Services of the University of Zurich and ETH
They can help overcome personal difficulties and problems with studies but also offer professional counseling specifically for international students having difficulties with settling in. Their services are free of charge, completely confidential and available in several languages.
Returning home can bring some surprises, as you adjust back to familiar surroundings. Your time abroad has likely shaped your perspectives, and you may notice these differences more when you reconnect with people who have not had the same experiences. Your friends and family will be thrilled to have you back, but they have also adjusted to life in your absence, so they might not always think to include you right away. Do not take it personally – reach out and jump back in!
Be patient with yourself as you readjust, allowing time for any new challenges. Remember that both you and your home may have changed, making re-entry an exciting part of your journey. Stay in touch with old friends and keep nurturing the connections you made abroad to make the most out of your experience. Connecting with other students who have also spent time abroad – even if not at ETH – can be incredibly valuable for sharing experiences and tips with each other.
If you are still struggeling with this after a few weeks or month, reach out to other students who have also been abroad to share experiences and tips. Also, ask your home university for support.